TEKS Correlations

Grades 4-7

Social Studies

Grade 4: 18. Citizenship. The student understands the importance of voluntary individual participation in the democratic process. The student is expected to:
(A) explain how individuals can participate voluntarily in civic affairs at state and local levels.

20. Culture. The student understands the contributions of people of various racial, ethnic, and religious groups to Texas. The student is expected to:
(C) summarize the contributions of people of various racial, ethnic, and religious groups in the development of Texas.

Grade 4:22, Grade 5:25, Grade 6&7:21:
Social studies skills. The student applies critical-thinking skills to organize and use information acquired from a variety of sources including electronic technology. The student is expected to:
(D) identify different points of view about an issue or topic.

Grade 4:23, Grade 5:26, Grade 6&7:22:
Social studies skills. The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to:
(A) use social studies terminology correctly; (B) incorporate main and supporting ideas in verbal and written communication; (C) express ideas orally based on research and experiences.

Grade 4:24, Grade 5:27, Grade 6&7:23:
Social studies skills. The student uses problem-solving and decision-making skills, working independently and with others, in a variety of settings. The student is expected to:
(A) use a problem-solving process to identify a problem, gather information, list and consider options, consider advantages and disadvantages, choose and implement a solution, and evaluate the effectiveness of the solution; and (B) use a decision-making process to identify a situation that requires a decision, gather information, identify options, predict consequences, and take action to implement a decision.

Grade 6: 14. Citizenship. The student understands the relationship among individual rights, responsibilities, and freedoms in democratic societies. The student is expected to:
(A) identify and explain the importance of voluntary civic participation in democratic societies; and (B) explain relationships among rights and responsibilities in democratic societies.

Grade 7: 17. Citizenship. The student understands the importance of the expression of different points of view in a democratic society. The student is expected to:
(A) identify different points of view of political parties and interest groups on important Texas issues; (B) describe the importance of free speech and press in a democratic society; and (C) express and defend a point of view on an issue of historical or contemporary interest in Texas.



Language Arts

1. Listening/speaking/purposes. The student listens
actively and purposefully in a variety of settings. The
student is expected to:
(A) determine the purposes for listening such as to gain information, to solve problems, or to enjoy and appreciate (4-8); (C) understand the major ideas and supporting evidence in spoken messages (4-8).

2. Listening/speaking/critical listening. The student listens critically to analyze and evaluate a speaker's message(s). The student is expected to:
(A) interpret speakers' messages (both verbal and
nonverbal), purposes, and perspectives (4-8); (C) distinguish between the speaker's opinion and verifiable fact (4-8).

4. Listening/speaking/culture. The student listens and speaks both to gain and share knowledge of his/her own culture, the culture of others, and the common elements of cultures. The student is expected to:
(B) compare oral traditions across regions and cultures (4-8).

5. Listening/speaking/audiences. The student speaks
clearly and appropriately to different audiences for different purposes and occasions. The student is expected to:
(A) adapt spoken language such as word choice, diction, and usage to the audience, purpose, and occasion (4-8);
(B) demonstrate effective communications skills that reflect such demands as interviewing, reporting, requesting, and providing information (4-8);
(D) use effective rate, volume, pitch, and tone for the audience and setting (4-8); (E) give precise directions and instructions such as in games and tasks (4-5); and (F) clarify and support spoken ideas with evidence, elaborations, and examples (4-8).

7. Reading/fluency. The student reads with fluency and understanding in texts at appropriate difficulty levels. The student is expected to:
(E) read aloud in selected texts in ways that both reflect understanding of the text and engage the listeners (4-8).

10. Reading/comprehension. The student comprehends
selections using a variety of strategies. The student is expected to:
(A) use his/her own knowledge and experience to comprehend (4-8); (B) establish and adjust purposes for reading such as reading to find out, to understand, to interpret, to enjoy, and to solve problems (4-8); (C) monitor his/her own comprehension and make modifications when understanding breaks down such as by rereading a portion aloud, using reference aids, searching for clues, and asking questions (4-8); (D) describe mental images that text descriptions evoke (4-8); (E) use the text's structure or progression of ideas such as cause and effect or chronology to locate and recall information (4-8); (F) determine a text's main (or major) ideas and how those ideas are supported with details (4-8); (G) paraphrase and summarize text to recall, inform, and organize ideas (4-8); (H) draw inferences such as conclusions or generalizations and support them with text evidence and experience (4-8); (I) find similarities and differences across texts such as in treatment, scope, or organization (4- 8); (J) distinguish fact and opinion in various texts (4-8); (K) answer different types and levels of questions such as open-ended, literal, and interpretative as well as test-like questions such as multiple choice, true-false, and short answer (4-8).

11. Reading/literary response. The student expresses
and supports responses to various types of texts. The
student is expected to:
(A) offer observations, make connections, react, speculate, interpret, and raise questions in response to texts (4-8).

14. Reading/culture. The student reads to increase knowledge of his/her own culture, the culture of others, and the common elements of cultures. The student is expected to:
(C) articulate and discuss themes and connections that cross cultures (4-8).

 
 

Ethics

Goals:

  • to raise awareness about the cultural values and endangered status of archaeological resources, to develop a positive attitude toward the protection of these resources, and to develop in students a knowledge of the laws, organizations, and action that support the protection of these resources;
  • for students to engender an understanding of societal issues in relation to the development (commercial, industrial, etc.) of land;
  • to provide a "real life" situation for students to understand how individual/group decisions can have societal consequences;
  • to give students the opportunity to act as responsible citizens.

Objective: students will engage in a role-playing activity that engages them in discussion about ethical issues related to archaeology.

Materials Needed: handouts of various roles to be played by students.

Activity Description :

  • Divide the students into three groups: archaeologists and historians;
    American Indians; and business owners.
  • Distribute the presented scenario to the students. Have the students read
    through the scenario through the eyes of their assigned role and have them adopt the viewpoint of that assigned group. The groups will present their case to the "land manager," who can be played by the teacher.
  • The students will be given 15 minutes to discuss in their groups. Each group will appoint a spokesperson to present their argument.
  • Call a "town meeting" to order and establish certain ground rules.
    • No interrupting another person while talking, and
    • 5 minutes per group to present their argument.
  • Each group will present their desired outcome to the land manager, supporting their goal with solid reasons. A general discussion and rebuttal will follow.
  • Discuss how each of the cases has validity, however, there are no right or wrong answers to the dilemma. Discuss the consequences if the land manager had made a decision. Discuss that being a responsible citizen requires individuals to understand all viewpoints prior to making decisions that affect different aspects of society. Have the students discuss solutions that could address and meet the concerns of all parties involved.
  • As an extension activity, have students abandon their assigned role and express in writing what they would personally do if they were the land manager, and why.


The Scenario
The state highway department is building a road to connect to towns on the Llano Estacado. The road is being built because it will stimulate business between the towns and will act as a faster route for people traveling across the region.

U.S. and State laws require that an archaeological survey be performed before the road is constructed. This survey will determine if there are any human remains existing where the road is going to be built.

During the survey, archaeologists have uncovered a large Native American site containing the remains of human artifacts and possibly human burials. However, there is no direct evidence of human bones yet. The archaeologists are very excited about the find because human remains are rarely, if ever, found in the region, and they may provide valuable information about the prehistory of the Llano Estacado that has not be found anywhere else. They say that the site is of extreme importance because of its scientific value. The archaeologists want more time to dig at the site to uncover as much information as possible. They feel that the construction of the road should be delayed at least another three years for further archaeological research.

The Native American peoples who have historically occupied the region, the Apaches and Comanches, have been contacted. They believe that this site may contain the remains of their ancestors. The Apaches and Comanches feel that the archaeologists should stop digging immediately and that the road should not be built either. The tribal leaders who visited the site said it had significant religious and heritage value to the tribe and that it should be left in peace.

Local business owners are concerned that the road will be delayed or not built at all. This effects their income significantly. If motorists are not traveling through their towns, they will not be buying food, gas, or other merchandise. The business owners fear they may lose their businesses if the road is not built.

A town hall meeting has been called to decide what to do about the situation.