TEKS Correlations

Grade 4-7

Science

2. Scientific processes. The student uses scientific inquiry methods during field and laboratory investigations. The student is expected to:
(D) communicate valid conclusions; and (E) construct simple graphs, tables, maps, and charts to organize, examine, and evaluate information.

3. Scientific processes. The student uses critical thinking and scientific problem solving to make informed decisions. The student is expected to:
(A) analyze, review, and critique scientific explanations, including hypotheses and theories, as to their strengths and weaknesses using scientific evidence and information.

Social Studies

Grade 4:22, Grade 5:25, Grade 6&7:21,
Social studies skills. The student applies, critical-thinking skills to organize and use information acquired from a variety of sources including electronic technology. The student is expected to:
(B) analyze information by sequencing, categorizing, identifying cause-and-effect relationships, comparing, contrasting, finding the main idea, summarizing, making generalizations and predictions, and drawing inferences and conclusions; (C) organize and interpret information in outlines, reports, databases, and visuals including graphs, charts, timelines, and maps.

Grade 4:23, Grade 5:26, Grade 6&7:22
Social studies skills. The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to:
(A) use social studies terminology correctly; (B) incorporate main and supporting ideas in verbal and written communication; (C) express ideas orally based on research and experiences; (D) create written and visual material such as journal entries, reports, graphic organizers, outlines, and bibliographies; and (E) use standard grammar, spelling, sentence structure, and punctuation.

Language Arts

5.Listening/speaking/audiences. The student speaks clearly and appropriately to different audiences for different purposes and occasions. The student is expected to:
(D) use effective rate, volume, pitch, and tone for the audience and setting (4-8); (F) clarify and support spoken ideas with evidence, elaborations, and examples (4-8).

7. Reading/fluency. The student reads with fluency and understanding in texts at appropriate difficulty levels. The student is expected to:
(E) read aloud in selected texts in ways that both reflect understanding of the text and engage the listeners (4-8).

10. Reading/comprehension. The student comprehends selections using a variety of strategies. The student is expected to:
(A) use his/her own knowledge and experience to comprehend (4-8); (B) establish and adjust purposes for reading such as reading to find out, to understand, to interpret, to enjoy, and to solve problems (4-8); (C) monitor his/her own comprehension and make modifications when understanding breaks down such as by rereading a portion aloud, using reference aids, searching for clues, and asking questions (4- 8); (E) use the text's structure or progression of ideas such as cause and effect or chronology to locate and recall information (4-8); (F) determine a text's main (or major) ideas and how those ideas are supported with details (4-8); (G) paraphrase and summarize text to recall, inform, and organize ideas (4-8); (H) draw inferences such as conclusions or generalizations and support them with text evidence and experience (4-8);

16. Writing/penmanship/capitalization/punctuation. The
student composes original texts, applying the conventions of written language such as capitalization, punctuation, and penmanship to communicate clearly. The student is expected to:
(A) write legibly by selecting cursive or manuscript as appropriate (4-8); and (B) capitalize and punctuate correctly to clarify and
enhance meaning such as capitalizing titles, using possessives, commas in a series, commas in direct address, and sentence punctuation (4-5).

17. Writing/spelling. The student spells proficiently. The student is expected to:
(A) write with accurate spelling of syllable constructions, including closed, open, consonant before -le, and syllable boundary patterns (3-6); (C) use resources to find correct spellings (4-8); and (D) spell accurately in final drafts (4-8).

18. Writing/grammar/usage. The student applies standard grammar and usage to communicate clearly and effectively in writing. The student is expected to:
(A) use regular and irregular plurals correctly (4-6); (B) write in complete sentences, varying the types such as compound and complex to match meanings and purposes (4-5); (C) employ standard English usage in writing for audiences, including subject-verb agreement, pronoun referents, and parts of speech (4-8); (D) use adjectives (comparative and superlative forms) and adverbs appropriately to make writing vivid or precise (4-8); (E) use prepositional phrases to elaborate written ideas (4-8);
(F) use conjunctions to connect ideas meaningfully (4- 5); (G) write with increasing accuracy when using apostrophes in contractions such as it's and possessives such as Jan's (4-8); and (H) write with increasing accuracy when using objective case pronouns such as "Dan cooked for you and me." (4-5).

19. Writing/writing processes. The student selects and uses writing processes for self-initiated and assigned writing. The student is expected to:
(A) generate ideas and plans for writing by using such prewriting strategies as brainstorming, graphic organizers, notes, and logs (4-8); (B) develop drafts by categorizing ideas, organizing them into paragraphs, and blending paragraphs within larger units of text (4-8); (C) revise selected drafts by adding, elaborating, deleting, combining, and rearranging text (4-8); (D) revise drafts for coherence, progression, and logical support of ideas (4-8); (E) edit drafts for specific purposes such as to ensure standard usage, varied sentence structure, and appropriate word choice (4-8); (F) use available technology to support aspects of creating, revising, editing, and publishing texts (4-8); (G) refine selected pieces frequently to "publish" for general and specific audiences (4-8); (H) proofread his/her own writing and that of others (4-8); and (I) select and use reference materials and resources as needed for writing, revising, and editing final drafts (4-8).

21. Writing/inquiry/research. The student uses writing as a tool for learning and research. The student is expected to:
(D) summarize and organize ideas gained from multiple sources in useful ways such as outlines, conceptual maps, learning logs, and timelines (4-8); (E) present information in various forms using
available technology (4-8); and (F) evaluate his/her own research and raise new questions for further investigation (4-8).

22. Writing/connections. The student interacts with writers inside and outside the classroom in ways that reflect the practical uses of writing. The student is expected to:
(A) collaborate with other writers to compose, organize, and revise various types of texts, including letters, news, records, and forms (4-8).

25. Viewing/representing/production. The student produces visual images, messages, and meanings that communicate with others. The student is expected to:
(A) select, organize, or produce visuals to complement and extend meanings (4-8); and (B) produce communications using technology or appropriate media such as developing a class newspaper, multimedia reports, or video reports (4-8).

 
 

Step 8: Reporting Your Findings

Goal: to familiarize students with the need to carefully and correctly identify, keep track of, and store found materials for the purposes of research and reporting to the scientific community and the general public.

Objective: students will report the results of their investigation into an archaeological site.

Materials Needed:
- paper, pencils

Activity Description:

Have students prepare a written report about the site they excavated. They should also prepare an oral report for their classmates. This should include information about the excavation techniques, the artifacts and features recovered, and conclusions about the culture based on the evidence.

What questions can be answered with certainty? What new questions have been raised?

Consider the following questions in your discussion:
Note to teachers: The questions you ask your students to consider should be the same questions you considered as you selected objects to build the excavation sites initially.

    Community Organization:

    o What size communities did these people have? Did they live in large cities, villages, or small family- sized groups?
    o Did they have religious, military, or social leaders? If so, did the leaders live nearby or far away? Are there certain places where these people lived or worked?
    o How did people get the goods they needed? Did they exchange one product for another (barter)? Did they use money?

    Plants and Animals:

    o Did these people raise any animals? Describe the animals. How were the animal products used?
    o Did these people raise any crops? Describe the crops. How were the plants used?
    o What wild plants and animals were eaten? How were these foods prepared?

    Technology:

    o How did most people make a living? Did they hunt, farm, or work in factories?
    o What kinds of transportation were commonly used? Did the people move frequently?
    o Did these people use complex machines like we do today or more simple machines?

    Buildings:

    o What kinds of houses did these people build? What materials did they use to construct the houses? How large were their houses?
    o Were there other buildings in the community? How were they used? What did they look like?

    Family Organization:

    o What jobs and activities did women usually do?
    o What jobs and activities did men usually do?
    o What jobs and activities did children usually do?

    Appearance:

    o What did the people look like physically? How do they compare with people today?
    o What clothes did people wear? How were they made? Did the people wear jewelry? What type?
    o Was there clothing, jewelry, or other adornment that only certain people wore?

    Arts, Language, Religion:

    o What art objects did these people produce?
    o Did these people have a written language or number system? Show an example of it.
    o What religious beliefs and practices did these people have? What places were associated with religious or ceremonial activities?

Continue the discussion. What types of information did the site fail to give? How does this compare with the situation real archaeologists face? If each site can only give limited information, how do archaeologists feel about the importance of protecting sites? Why do archaeologists take such careful notes? What do students think about archaeology now? What parts of the excavation were the most fun? The most difficult?