First Hour Exam
Circle the correct answer (1 point each):
1. In the cell, during an action potential, if the [Na] were increased in the extracellular space, would the peak amplitude:
2. In facilitated transport, if be block ATP break-down for energy, would the transported molecule rate of movement across the membrane:
3. In active transport, would blocking ATP break-down for energy cause the transported molecule rate of movement across the membrane to:
4. If the thickness of a membrane increases, then the rate of diffusion will:
5. Which of the following is not a common neurotransmitter:
6. If a knife enters the spinal cord, put the following membranes in the correct order, if they are relevant:
Arachnoid, pia mater, dura mater, organic matter
Most distal:
7. List the brain structures or general regions in the correct order, starting with the caudal end and moving rostrally, starting with the myelencephelon:
Most rostral:
8. Which lobe of the neocrotex is most associated with; write the lobe after the:
(4) 9. Which part of the limbic system is associated with memory?
(5) Describe an experimental model and study that was used to demonstrate that this brain region is associated with learning and memory.
(5) Describe in anatomical terms (lateral, ventral, dorsal, rostral, caudal, ipsilateral, contralateral etc) where following structures are in relation to the left thalamus:
Right Hypothalamus:
Left temporal lobe:
Left side of the Cerebellum:
Right side of the area postrema:
Left Olfactory bulb:
Here is a list of some famous physiologists:
Banting, Bernard, Dziuk, Golgi, Hubel, Huxley, Katz, Wilmut, Schally
(Bonus) Name the physiologist you reviewed here:
(2) Write a short paragraph that describes what he is most famous for in physiology
Pick the physiologist from the above list, not counting the one you reviewed already, whose last name is closest to your current last name and:
Name him:
(5) Write a short paragraph that describes what he is most famous for in physiology
For 20 points (1 point per box).
Table of Cranial Nerves. Complete the table by filling in the missing information.
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Cranial Nerve Number |
Name |
Sensory, Motor or Mixed |
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1 |
Olfactory |
Sensory |
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2 |
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3 |
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4 |
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Motor |
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5 |
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6 |
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7 |
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8 |
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9 |
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10 |
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Mixed |
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11 |
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12 |
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24 points (2 per box or answer below)
For the Autonomic nervous system, indicate in the box what happens when the branches are stimulated (increase in action potentials).
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Organ |
Stimulate the sympathetic |
Stimulate the parasympathetic |
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Pupil/iris of the eye |
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Heart rate |
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Intestinal muscle contraction |
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Penis |
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List the primary neurotransmitters at the following nerve terminals:
Preganglionic cell of the sympathetic nervous system
Postganglionic cell of the sympathetic nervous system
Preganglionic cell of the parasympathetic nervous system
Postganglionic cell of the sympathetic nervous system
(15 points) Draw an action potential. Show changes in Na and K conductance in other liens on the same graph. Be sure to label the x and y axis (you can put them on one graph or on two graphs, but be sure to label the axes).
(11 points) Indicate how fluxes in Na and K change along the axon within the time course of the action potential using words. For example, ion X flows in a given direction (in or out) and this causes the membrane potential to change (becoming more or less positive). Consider the events during depolarization, hyperpolarization and repolarization in their proper order.