Questions for Neuroscience I and Membrane Potential Materials

(one ppt and three WORD documents)

 

  1. Describe how each component of the Nernst equation will change the membrane potential (increase or decrease).  [To be able to do this you must know the Nernst equation and what each component means and some simple algebra.]
  2. Describe how membrane permeability changes with the three main components of permeability (P).  Which two factors are responsible for setting up equilibrium across a cell membrane that sets up an electrochemical gradient?
  3. Explain the relationships among I, V and g.  Describe what a resistor, capacitor and battery does when describing ion flow (electricity).
  4. In a ‘normal’ neuron with typical ionic concentrations, describe how current flows when each of the following channels open: Na, Ca, K, Cl.  Show the charge of each ion.
  5. Describe several ways to divide the CNS into parts.
  6. Draw a neuron and label each of its parts.
  7. Show a synapse and identify the pre- and post-synaptic cells and cell parts.
  8. Describe the concept of a graded vs. an all-or-none action potential.  Give examples of each.
  9. Show some common neuron circuits that include or do not include interneurons.
  10. Draw and label some common neuron shapes.  Indicate where they may be found.
  11. Describe the function of myelin.  Draw a myelinated neuron. Show cells that produce the myelin.
  12. Draw each lobe of the brain and indicate major functions found in each.
  13. Know the names of the cranial nerves, their main function and if they are sensory, motor or both.
  14. If a blood clot was formed in the middle cerebral artery and blood flow was disrupted, which function(s) might be effected? Exchange middle cerebral arteries with each other major artery in the brain.  [Note: constriction of the carotid aretery will cause severe damage to one side of the brain.]
  15. Describe where CSF is produced and how/where it travels.
  16. Which major brain regions are involved in the limbic system.  What function does each region serve?
  17. Draw and label the Meninges of the brain and spinal cord.
  18. How does the concept of a sensory and motor homunculus work? If a person lost the ability to feel their left thumb (or substitute any body part), where would the damage be most likely in the neocortex?