Lab 9

ANSC 2202

Principles of anatomy

Liver, spleen;

Respiratory, circulatory and excretory systems

Objectives

• Have a basic understanding of the anatomy and the simplified physiology of the respiratory, circulatory and excretory system (separately and their interactions)
• Integrate previous notions (histology)
• Be able to recognize the organs involved in these systems in the fetal pig
• Be able to name the anatomical features displayed on the models.

Stations

• Look at the anatomical models (kidney, heart).
• Look at the specimens (lungs, heart, kidney, spleen and liver from the meat lab)
• Open the thoracic cavity (heart + lungs) of the fetal pig and dissect the organs involved in the circulatory and respiratory systems
• Open the abdominal cavity of the fetal pig and locate the spleen, liver, kidneys (and rest of the excretory system).

Review sheet

1. What is the functional unit of the:

1. Kidney

2. Liver

3. Lung

2. Excretory system: explain the circuitry of the blood coming from the other organs of the body to the kidneys and how urine is excreted.

3. Circulatory/respiratory system: explain the circuit of the blood coming from the other organs of the body through the heart and lungs and then out to the body.

4. How can you diagnose a liver disease?

5. What are the 3 types of muscles? Give an example for each. What part of the nervous system controls each type of muscle?

6. What are the effects of the sympathetic nervous system on:

1. The urinary sphincters

2. The cardiac muscle

7. Where are the adrenal glands located compared to the kidneys? (describe in anatomical terms)

8. What is the effect of the sympathetic nervous system on the adrenal glands?

9. CRF is s stress hormone secreted by the hypothalamus. It stimulates the secretion of ACTH from the Pituitary which stimulates the secretion of cortisol (a glucocorticoid) from the adrenal glands.

1. What is the name of the bone on top of which the pituitary gland sits?

2. Where is the hypothalamus located? (compared to the thalamus, in anatomical terms).

3. One of the effects of cortisol is to increase the blood glucose levels. Which (‘storage’) tissues would be involved, what kind of molecules would be breakdown to provide sugar?

10. What kind of epithelium is found in:

1. The bladder

2. The alveoli

3. Veins