Effects of Massed and Spaced Repetition on Bilingual Recognition Memory.
DIANA G. MANZANERA, University of Texas at El Paso (Faculty Sponsor: WENDY S. FRANCIS, University of Texas at El Paso).
Our study compared the spacing effect between the dominant and non-dominant language in Spanish-English bilingual participants. The study sequences contained spaced repetitions, massed repetitions, and words presented only once. On a subsequent recognition test, there were no significant differences between spaced and massed items, but repeated words were better recognized than words that were presented once. Language did not affect recognition accuracy or speed and did not interact with encoding conditions.

Report of Feature Binding Errors When Recreating Display
KRISTIN CHOMIK & ERIN BUCHANAN, Texas Tech University (Faulty Sponsor: KATE BLECKLEY, Texas Tech University )
We are interested in feature binding errors and how these features move in a more complicated pattern than the typical horizontal direction. Subjects are tested by having two seconds to study a display of colored letters, then after a study period, asking them to recreate the display patterns. Results are that the participants get about 40% correct. Two letter displays are the easiest to recreate, while the four and six letter displays are the hardest. 

Levels of Processing Effects in Bilinguals Recognition Memory.
MARISELA GUTIERREZ, University of Texas at El Paso (Faculty Sponsor: WENDY S. FRA NCIS, University of Texas at El Paso).
Many studies have shown that the deeper the level of processing the higher the probability that the item will be retrieved. This study investigated the effects of levels of processing in bilinguals’ recognition memory in their dominant and non-dominant languages. Recognition memory was higher for the deep processing condition. Deep items showed faster responses and were better distinguished than shallow items from the non-studied ones. The strength of levels of processing effects in the two languages was similar.

Psychology Bowl Round I
Friday 2:00 – 2:30pm
Moderator: LEE COHEN, Texas Tech

Panel Discussion
Friday 2:30 – 3:30
“Secrets” of Applying to Psychology Graduate Programs
Moderator: JEFF LARSEN, Texas Tech

The Relationship between Acculturation and Attitudes toward Spanking Among Mothers of Mexican-Origin
MARYBET CAMPOS, Texas Tech University , AMANDA ALLEN, Texas Tech University, & ELIZABETH IBANEZ, Texas Tech University, (Faculty Sponsor: JOAQUIN BORREGO, JR., Texas Tech University)
Families of Mexican-origin make-up 67% of the estimated 40 million Hispanics in the United States, however, there is limited information on how acculturation influences attitudes toward discipline. We investigate the relationship between acculturation and attitudes toward spanking with mothers of Mexican-origin (N = 60). Mothers completed an acculturation scale (ARSMA-II; Cuellar, Arnold, & Maldonado, 1995) and the Attitude Toward Spanking scale (Holden, 2001). We predict that as acculturation increases, positive attitudes towards spanking will decrease.

Contrast Effects in Perceptions of Torture.
RODRIGO NEELY-RECUERO, Texas Tech University (Faculty Sponsor: Jeff T. Larsen, Texas Tech University).
We investigated contrast effects in perceptions of torture. We embedded moderately aversive acts in mildly aversive and extremely aversive context. Participants were asked to judge whether or not each act was torture. We found that moderately aversive acts were judged to be torture most often in the mildly aversive context.

Self-Discrepancies in Romantic Relationships Among College Students: A Continuing Investigation.
LINDSEY JASBRING, CHRISTINE PALMER, & KRISTIN WOOD, Texas Tech University (Faculty Sponsor: ERIN HARDIN, Texas Tech University ).
Carlson et al. (2005) investigated gender differences in the relations between heterosexual relationship satisfaction, self-discrepancies, and affect. Findings indicated that discrepancies as a whole (i.e., own and other) better predict men’s anxiety and/or depression, while discrepancies from the other served as better predictors for women. Due to the low statistical power of Carlson et al.’s research, we replicated the original study with a larger number of participants, expecting to find stronger support for these results.

What Factors Predict the Reasons Parents Give for Using Behavioral Treatments?
Katrina L. Cook & Joy R. Pemberton, Texas Tech University (Faculty Sponsor: Joaquin Borrego, Jr., Texas Tech University)
Eighty-two parents were asked to rate the acceptability of six behavioral child management techniques. Then parents gave reasons they would or would not use each technique at home. These responses were coded into groups. Parents were also asked to complete measures assessing demographics, child behavior problems, parenting stress, acceptance of corporal and noncorporal punishment, and familism. These measures along with treatment acceptability will be analyzed to determine what characteristics are associated with which free-response categories.

Invited Address
Friday 4:30 – 5:30pm
Moderator: PAT DeLUCIA, Texas Tech

Dealing with Danger in the Cockpit and the Operating Room
ROBERT HELMREICH, University of Texas , Austin

9:00 – 9:20
Disagreement and False Consensus in Social Perceptions of Torture
MONICA R. WARREN, Texas Tech University (Faculty Sponsor: JEFF T. LARSEN, Texas Tech University )The current research investigated disagreement and false consensus in social judgments of torture. Participants read a series of vignettes describing acts a guard might do to a prisoner. For each act, participants indicated whether they considered the act torture and estimated the extent to which others might consider the act torture. Results indicated substantial disagreement as well as the hypothesized false consensus effect.

9:20 – 9:40
The Effect of Egalitarian and Complimentarian Sex Role Attitudes on Career and Home Aspirations in FemaleUndergraduateCollege Students.
SARAH MINTZ, LeTourneau University (Faculty Sponsor: Dr. Vicki Sheafer, LeTourneau University).
This study will investigate the effect of two opposite religious sex role attitudes (Complimentarianism vs. Egalitarianism) on career and home aspirations of female college students. The Complimentarianism attitude holds that there are distinct male and female roles. The Egalitarian attitude holds that men and women are equal in all aspects of life including home, church, and career. A survey measuring both sex role attitudes and aspirations will be distributed to a random sample of female students.

9:40 – 10:00
Evidence for mixed emotions from open-ended interviews.
AMY CLINE & CRYSTAL S. WAMPLER, Texas Tech University (Faculty Sponsor: Jeff Larsen, Texas Tech University).
Participants watched a clip from Life is Beautiful.  The sample included 46 undergraduates:  24 in the experimental condition  watched a clip designed to elicit mixed emotions and 22 in the control 
condition watched other scenes from the film.  Participants were asked open-ended questions about their emotions.  Participants in the experimental condition (50%) were more likely to report both  positive and negative emotions than participants in the control  condition (4%), Fisher's exact test: p < .01.

Poster Session II: Memory & Attention
Saturday 10:30 – 11:30
Moderator: ALLISON HOLLINGSWORTH, Texas Tech

Feature Binding: Not Quite So Pre-Attentive.
PATRICIA LAY & ERIN BUCHANAN, Texas Tech University (Facility Sponsor: KATHRYN BLECKLEY, Texas Tech University) This study tested Treisman’s (1988) feature integration theory by using a replication of Prinzmetal, Henderson and Ivry’s (1995) task.  To tell if correct answers were pre-attentive or not we compared correct vs. five types of error responses.  The reaction times for illusory conjunctions and all other types of errors were significantly slower than the correct answers, suggesting that preattentive processing may not be faster than deployment of visual attention or may not be ‘pre’ attentive.

Assessing Testing Fatigue Using Elementary Mathematical Equations to Determine Accuracy and Temporal Completion.
GREGGORY S. WRIGHT, LeTourneau University (Faculty Sponsor: Dr. Vicki Sheafer, LeTourneau University).
The experiment conducted used a 250 question mathematical test to observe testing fatigue.  Current undergraduate students enrolled in Introduction to Psychology (N = 90) were given a ten section, online test (each section contained 25 questions).  Fatigue was measured by the time it took each student to complete the test between submission of each section, as well as the accuracy of those answers.  It is hypothesized that as the participant completes subsequent section, time taken on each section will increase and accuracy will decrease.

Effects of Remember, Forget, and Conceal Instructions on Bilingual Recall.
JAIME GARCIA & HECTOR M. ADAME, University of Texas at El Paso (Faculty Sponsor: WENDY S. FRANCIS, University of Texas at El Paso ).
We investigated how well bilinguals are able to remember, forget, and conceal information in their two languages.  Forget words were recalled poorly relative to remember words, but concealed and non-concealed words were recalled equally well. Participants could discriminate the concealed from the non-concealed word sets, but not as well as the remember from the forget words. They were better able to remember, forget, and conceal information in their dominant language than in their non-dominant language. 

Semantic Clustering in Bilingual Recall as a Function of Language and Stimulus Format.
MARISELA GUTIERREZ & DIANA G. MANZANERA, University of Texas at El Paso, (Faculty sponsor: WENDY S. FRANCIS, University of Texas at El Paso).
Bilingual students studied and recalled, in English or Spanish, lists of pictures or words selected from four semantic categories. Recall was more accurate for pictures and in the dominant language. Picture recall exhibited stronger clustering by semantic category than word recall. For words, clustering was stronger in the dominant language but this difference was not observed for pictures, suggesting that clustering is affected by the language of encoding rather than the language of retrieval.

Off Campus Lunch: Breakout groups
Saturday 11:30 – 1:00

Invited Address
Saturday 1:00 – 2:00
Moderator: STEVEN RICHARDS, Texas Tech

Stories, Statistics, and Strategies of Personal Growth Initiative
CHRISTINE ROBITSCHEK, Texas Tech University

Poster Session III: Person Perception
Saturday 2:00 – 3:00
Moderator: TIFFANIE FENNELL, Texas Tech

Investigating Prejudice Against Middle Eastern Men.
VALERIE ALLEN, JERRY KENNEY & STEPHANIE CERULLA, Austin College (Faculty Sponsor: Lisa M. Brown, Austin College).
Using a 2 (name: Ahmed/Allen) by 2 (complexion: dark/light) by 2 (style of dress: Arab/Western) design, we presented portraits under the guise of evaluating their aesthetic qualities. Participants were asked about aesthetics of the portrait and the impression the target conveyed. Preliminary results suggest that foreignness was associated with perceived negative traits. The manipulations affected the “ambiguous” subscale: when dress and name were incongruent, people ranked the target higher in traits like seriousness and industriousness.

Understanding the Gender Type Perception of Traditional versus Progressive Perceivers.
FEDORA GALASSO, Texas A&M University-Commerce, (Faculty Sponsor: RAYMOND GREEN, Texas A&M University-Commerce).
We investigated whether the structure underlying gender type perception differs due to the motives of perceivers. Participants completed the Attitudes Toward Women Scale, sorted 53 gender type labels into piles based upon similarity, and rated these piles on nine psychological dimensions. Then, separate for traditional and progressive participants, the data was analyzed using multidimensional scaling and hierarchical clustering analyses, creating two gender types “maps.” The results indicated that perceivers’motives did influence their organization of gender types.

Examining the Relationship Between Age and Body Image Dissatisfaction in Mexican-American Youth.
AMY RODRIGUEZ, Texas Tech University, HEATHER B. CAL KIN S, Texas Tech University, NATASHA K. NAYLOR, Texas Tech University, AMANDA ALLE N, Texas Tech University, & ROCIO I. VILL AREA L (Faculty Sponsor: JOAQUIN BORREGO, JR., Texas Tech University)
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between age and body image dissatisfaction in Mexican-American youth. Eighty-six children between the ages of 8 and 12 were asked to rate their current and ideal body size on the Child Body Figure Scale. Body image dissatisfaction was calculated by subtracting ideal body size from current body size. We expect that as age increases, body image dissatisfaction will also increase.

Theory of Mind in Normal Functioning Adults.
LOUISE MOREIRA DANIELS, Texas A&M University-Commerce (Faculty Sponsor: Tracy Henley, Texas A&M University-Commerce).
We are attempting to develop a method to validly and reliably measure the variance of Theory of Mind in adults. Participants were shown a picture depicting complex social interactions as a stimulus to elicit mental state responses. Analysis of the language (length, use of mental verbs, uniqueness of verbs and adjectives) used in response to the tasks is being performed, as well as a correlation between performance

Communication through Content: Student Perceptions of Faculty Offices.
MELISSA M. BOETTCHER, Texas State University , (Faculty Sponsor: RANDALL OSBORNE, Texas State University).
The messages that are communicated nonverbally by the objects present in and general status of a professor’s office space were investigated. Students viewed photographs of faculty offices with varying degrees of clutter, and rated office attractiveness and professor personality. In addition, these same faculty rated their own personality and comparisons between student perceptions of personality and faculty self-ratings were made. Clutter impacts perceptions, because students rated professors with cluttered offices low on competence, credibility, immediacy, whereas faculty rated themselves high in these areas.